(RADIATOR) "not properly formatted" when proxying EAP-TLS to IAS

Mike McCauley mikem at open.com.au
Tue Jun 14 07:59:15 CDT 2005


Hello Heikki,

Wpould it be plssoble to get a new trace 4 or preferably trace 5 log of how it 
behaves now?

Cheers.

On Tuesday 14 June 2005 21:10, Heikki Vatiainen wrote:
> There was DupInterval 0 in the configuration but now it is back to the
> default value of 2 (seconds).  The problem still persists.
>
> Mike McCauley wrote:
> > Hello Heike and Chris,
> >
> > Thanks for your note and logs.
> >
> > I think that Heikki's analysis is correct: The AP is sending 2 duplicate
> > requests in the same second, and Radiator is configured to proxy these as
> > 2 distinct non-duplicate requests. And this is confusing the IAS State
> > maintenance algorithm.
> >
> > I suspect that the AP's Client clause has been configured with a
> > non-standard DupInterval of 0 (meaning that Radiator will always proxy
> > requests even if they are duplicates).
> >
> > If that is so, I suggest to Heike that DupInterval should be set back to
> > the standard 2 seconds.
> >
> > Chris, you did not include all of your config file in your note, so I
> > cant tell if it is the same issue for you too.
> >
> >
> > Cheers.
> >
> > On Tuesday 14 June 2005 00:29, Heikki Vatiainen wrote:
> >>Hugh Irvine wrote:
> >>>Does anyone else on the list have any experience with this?
> >>
> >>Just today I received a similar report from one organization that had
> >>acquired Radiator through us. The problem surfaced with 2003 SP1 update
> >>and did not go away when Radiator was updated to 3.13.
> >>
> >>The Radiator configuration, IAS error message and resulting time out in
> >>the Radiator log file look similar. I have attached some new info too,
> >>IAS log file snippet and Radiator level 4 trace.
> >>
> >>The setup is the following:
> >>
> >>Laptop (PEAP) <--> WLAN AP <--> Radiator 3.13 (Proxy) <--> IAS
> >>
> >>The IP addresses in the sanitized log files are respectively:
> >>somelaptop.intra.org.fi
> >>wlan.ap.org.fi
> >>radiator-proxy.org.fi
> >>ias.ip.org.fi
> >>
> >>If the proxying Radiator is bypassed and the AP talks directly to IAS
> >>the authentication succeeds.
> >>
> >>Here is a snippet from IAS log (IASSM.LOG):
> >>
> >>[2300] 06-13 12:45:37:730: Creating EAP session
> >>[2300] 06-13 12:45:37:730: NT-SAM Names handler received request with
> >>user identity host/somelaptop.intra.org.fi.
> >>[2300] 06-13 12:45:37:746: Successfully cracked username.
> >>[2300] 06-13 12:45:37:746: SAM-Account-Name is "INTRA\SOMELAPTOP$".
> >>[2300] 06-13 12:45:37:746: NT-SAM Authentication handler received
> >>request for INTRA\SOMELAPTOP$.
> >>[2300] 06-13 12:45:37:746: Validating Windows account INTRA\SOMELAPTOP$.
> >>[2300] 06-13 12:45:37:746: Sending LDAP search to ldapserver.org.fi.
> >>[2300] 06-13 12:45:37:746: LDAP ERROR in ldap_search_ext_sW. Code = 81
> >>[2300] 06-13 12:45:37:746: Extended error string: (null)
> >>[2300] 06-13 12:45:37:746: Retrying LDAP search.
> >>[2300] 06-13 12:45:37:871: Opening LDAP connection to ldapserver.org.fi.
> >>[2300] 06-13 12:45:37:871: The registry value DisableLdapEncryption
> >>does not exist. Using default 0
> >>[2300] 06-13 12:45:37:871: Trying to set LDAP encryption = 1
> >>[2300] 06-13 12:45:37:917: LDAP connect succeeded.
> >>[2300] 06-13 12:45:37:917: Sending LDAP search to ldapserver.org.fi.
> >>[2300] 06-13 12:45:37:933: Successfully validated windows account.
> >>[2300] 06-13 12:45:37:933: Allowed EAP type: 25
> >>[2300] 06-13 12:45:37:933: Setting max. packet length to 1492.
> >>[2300] 06-13 12:45:37:933: Processing output from EAP DLL.
> >>[2300] 06-13 12:45:37:933: EAPACTION_Send
> >>[2300] 06-13 12:45:37:933: Inserting outbound EAP-Message of length 6.
> >>[2300] 06-13 12:45:37:933: Issuing Access-Challenge.
> >>[2300] 06-13 12:45:37:933: Saving the response
> >>[4036] 06-13 12:45:38:011: State attribute is present, but unrecognized.
> >>[4036] 06-13 12:45:52:983: State attribute is present, but unrecognized.
> >>[4036] 06-13 12:46:07:970: State attribute is present, but unrecognized.
> >>[4036] 06-13 12:46:22:942: State attribute is present, but unrecognized.
> >>
> >>
> >>Here is a snippet from Radiator level 4 debug.  Just like the time
> >>stamps show, they do not correspond to same event.  What is happening
> >>still, is the laptop trying to authenticate over WLAN.
> >>
> >> From the log it looks like the AP sends EAP Response/Identity which
> >>causes IAS to respond with EAP Request/PEAP Start + RADIUS State
> >>attribute.  This attribute is then returned by the AP with an EAP
> >>Response that includes a TLS Client Hello.  This TLS Client Hello
> >>containing EAP Response never causes the IAS to responds and the timeout
> >>occurs.
> >>
> >>Taking a closer look at the messages, the AP seems to send its
> >>Response/Identity message with another Response/Identity message
> >>following the first one in quick succession. This makes me think that
> >>EAP Ids and/or Radius Identifiers clash with the State attribute value
> >>since the Access-Request Identifier is the same (120) in the first two
> >>messages from the AP and also the EAP Ids are the same <1> in those two
> >>packets.
> >>
> >>Actually, thinking about the situation where Radiator was bypassed I get
> >>the idea that the problem is with Radiator allocating Access-Request
> >>Identifiers (5) and (6) when it is proxying the packets to the IAS. If
> >>there was no Radiator, the IAS would receive two messages with the same
> >>Access-Request Identifier (120).  Maybe the IAS remembers just the first
> >>value (starting with "##...") and fails to recognize the first value
> >>(starting with "#!...") that the AP actually later returns.  At least I
> >>could convince myself with this scenario.
> >>
> >>When Access-Challanges for those two Access-Requests are sent back, the
> >>Access-Challange Identifiers IAS uses are (5) and (6) but Radiator only
> >>uses (120) when it proxies the messages back to the AP.
> >>
> >>Hopefully someone more familiar with Radius can make sense if this is
> >>correct behaviour or not.
> >>
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:01 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]: Packet dump: ***
> >>Received from wlan.ap.org.fi port 1028 .... Code:       Access-Request
> >>Identifier: 120 Authentic: <snip> Attributes:  User-Name =
> >>"host/somelaptop.intra.org.fi"        NAS-IP-Address = wlan.ap.org.fi
> >>Framed-MTU = 1496       Called-Station-Id =
> >>"00-a0-c5-c8-04-91"         Calling-Station-Id =
> >>"00-0c-f1-05-da-d8"        NAS-Port-Type = Wireless-IEEE-802-11
> >>EAP-Message = <2><1><0><31><1>host/somelaptop.intra.org.fi
> >>Message-Authenticator = <snip>
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:01 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]: Handling request with
> >>Handler 'User-Name=/^host\/.*\.intra\.org\.fi/i'
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:01 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]:  Deleting session for
> >>host/somelaptop.intra.org.fi, wlan.ap.org.fi,
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:01 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]: Handling with
> >>Radius::AuthRADIUS
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:01 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]: Packet dump: *** Sending
> >>to ias.ip.org.fi port 1812 .... Code:       Access-Request Identifier: 5
> >>Authentic:  <snip>
> >>Attributes:     User-Name = "host/somelaptop.intra.org.fi"
> >>NAS-IP-Address = wlan.ap.org.fi   Framed-MTU = 1496
> >>  Called-Station-Id = "00-a0-c5-c8-04-91"         Calling-Station-Id =
> >>"00-0c-f1-05-da-d8"        NAS-Port-Type = Wireless-IEEE-802-11
> >>EAP-Message = <2><1><0><31><1>host/somelaptop.intra.org.fi
> >>Message-Authenticator = <snip>
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:01 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]: AuthBy RADIUS result:
> >>IGNORE,
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:01 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]: Packet dump: ***
> >>Received from wlan.ap.org.fi port 1028 .... Code:       Access-Request
> >>Identifier: 120 Authentic: <snip> Attributes:  User-Name =
> >>"host/somelaptop.intra.org.fi"        NAS-IP-Address = wlan.ap.org.fi
> >>Framed-MTU = 1496       Called-Station-Id =
> >>"00-a0-c5-c8-04-91"         Calling-Station-Id =
> >>"00-0c-f1-05-da-d8"        NAS-Port-Type = Wireless-IEEE-802-11
> >>EAP-Message = <2><1><0><31><1>host/somelaptop.intra.org.fi
> >>Message-Authenticator = <snip>
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:01 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]: Handling request with
> >>Handler 'User-Name=/^host\/.*\.intra\.org\.fi/i'
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:01 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]:  Deleting session for
> >>host/somelaptop.intra.org.fi, wlan.ap.org.fi,
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:01 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]: Handling with
> >>Radius::AuthRADIUS
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:01 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]: Packet dump: *** Sending
> >>to ias.ip.org.fi port 1812 .... Code:       Access-Request Identifier: 6
> >>Authentic:  <snip>
> >>Attributes:     User-Name = "host/somelaptop.intra.org.fi"
> >>NAS-IP-Address = wlan.ap.org.fi   Framed-MTU = 1496
> >>Called-Station-Id = "00-a0-c5-c8-04-91"         Calling-Station-Id =
> >>"00-0c-f1-05-da-d8"
> >>NAS-Port-Type = Wireless-IEEE-802-11   EAP-Message =
> >><2><1><0><31><1>host/somelaptop.intra.org.fi       Message-Authenticator
> >>= <snip>
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:01 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]: AuthBy RADIUS result:
> >>IGNORE,
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:01 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]: Packet dump: ***
> >>Received from ias.ip.org.fi port 1812 .... Code:       Access-Challenge
> >>Identifier: 5 Authentic:  <snip>
> >>Attributes:   Session-Timeout = 30    EAP-Message =
> >><1><2><0><6><25>          State =
> >>"#!<4>}<0><0><1>7<0><1><ias><ip><addr><ess><0><0><0><3>x<139><211>n"
> >>Message-Authenticator = <snip>
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:01 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]: Received reply in
> >>AuthRADIUS for req 5 from ias.ip.org.fi:1812
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:01 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]: Access challenged for
> >>host/somelaptop.intra.org.fi: Proxied
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:01 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]: Packet dump: *** Sending
> >>to wlan.ap.org.fi port 1028 .... Code:       Access-Challenge Identifier:
> >>120 Authentic:  <snip>
> >>Attributes:   Session-Timeout = 30    EAP-Message =
> >><1><2><0><6><25>          State =
> >>"#!<4>}<0><0><1>7<0><1><ias><ip><addr><ess><0><0><0><3>x<139><211>n"
> >>Message-Authenticator = <snip>
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:01 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]: Packet dump: ***
> >>Received from ias.ip.org.fi port 1812 .... Code:       Access-Challenge
> >>Identifier: 6 Authentic: <snip>
> >>Attributes:       Session-Timeout = 30    EAP-Message =
> >><1><2><0><6><25>          State =
> >>"##<4>~<0><0><1>7<0><1><ias><ip><addr><ess><0><0><0><3>x<139><211>o"
> >>Message-Authenticator = <snip>
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:01 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]: Received reply in
> >>AuthRADIUS for req 6 from ias.ip.org.fi:1812
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:01 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]: Access challenged for
> >>host/somelaptop.intra.org.fi: Proxied
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:01 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]: Packet dump: *** Sending
> >>to wlan.ap.org.fi port 1028 .... Code:       Access-Challenge Identifier:
> >>120 Authentic:  <snip>
> >>Attributes:   Session-Timeout = 30    EAP-Message =
> >><1><2><0><6><25>          State =
> >>"##<4>~<0><0><1>7<0><1><ias><ip><addr><ess><0><0><0><3>x<139><211>o"
> >>Message-Authenticator = <snip>
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:01 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]: Packet dump: ***
> >>Received from wlan.ap.org.fi port 1028 .... Code:       Access-Request
> >>Identifier: 121 Authentic: <snip>
> >>Attributes:    User-Name = "host/somelaptop.intra.org.fi"
> >>NAS-IP-Address = wlan.ap.org.fi   Framed-MTU = 1496
> >>Called-Station-Id = "00-a0-c5-c8-04-91"         \
> >>Calling-Station-Id =
> >>"00-0c-f1-05-da-d8"        NAS-Port-Type = Wireless-IEEE-802-11
> >>EAP-Message =
> >><2><2><0>P<25><128><0><0><0>F<22><3><1><0>A<1><0><0>=<3><1>B<173>e<202><1
> >>47
> >>
> >>><127>f<224><230>V<146>H<194><173><171><144>[<193><220>+><182><146>;M<11>
> >>><22
> >>
> >>9><144><193><151><\
> >>145><216><0><0><22><0><4><0><5><0><10><0><9><0>d<0>b<0><3><0><6><0><19><0
> >>>< 18><0>c<1><0> State =
> >>"#!<4>}<0><0><1>7<0><1><ias><ip><addr><ess><0><0><0><3>x<139><211>n"
> >>Message-Authenticator = <snip>
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:01 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]: Handling request with
> >>Handler 'User-Name=/^host\/.*\.intra\.org\.fi/i'
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:01 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]:  Deleting session for
> >>host/somelaptop.intra.org.fi, wlan.ap.org.fi,
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:01 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]: Handling with
> >>Radius::AuthRADIUS
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:01 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]: Packet dump: *** Sending
> >>to ias.ip.org.fi port 1812 .... Code:       Access-Request Identifier: 7
> >>Authentic: <snip>
> >>Attributes:       User-Name = "host/somelaptop.intra.org.fi"
> >>NAS-IP-Address = wlan.ap.org.fi   Framed-MTU = 1496
> >>Called-Station-Id = "00-a0-c5-c8-04-91"      \
> >>    Calling-Station-Id =
> >>"00-0c-f1-05-da-d8"        NAS-Port-Type = Wireless-IEEE-802-11
> >>EAP-Message =
> >><2><2><0>P<25><128><0><0><0>F<22><3><1><0>A<1><0><0>=<3><1>B<173>e<202><1
> >>47
> >>
> >>><127>f<224><230>V<146>H<194><173><171><144>[<193><220>+><182><146>;M<11>
> >>><22
> >>
> >>9><144><193><151><\
> >>145><216><0><0><22><0><4><0><5><0><10><0><9><0>d<0>b<0><3><0><6><0><19><0
> >>>< 18><0>c<1><0> State =
> >>"#!<4>}<0><0><1>7<0><1><ias><ip><addr><ess><0><0><0><3>x<139><211>n"
> >>Message-Authenticator = <snip>
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:01 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]: AuthBy RADIUS result:
> >>IGNORE,
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:16 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]: Timed out, retransmitting
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:16 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]: Packet dump: *** Sending
> >>to ias.ip.org.fi port 1812 .... Code:       Access-Request Identifier: 7
> >>Authentic: <snip>
> >>Attributes:       User-Name = "host/somelaptop.intra.org.fi"
> >>NAS-IP-Address = wlan.ap.org.fi   Framed-MTU = 1496
> >>Called-Station-Id = "00-a0-c5-c8-04-91"      \
> >>    Calling-Station-Id =
> >>"00-0c-f1-05-da-d8"        NAS-Port-Type = Wireless-IEEE-802-11
> >>EAP-Message =
> >><2><2><0>P<25><128><0><0><0>F<22><3><1><0>A<1><0><0>=<3><1>B<173>e<202><1
> >>47
> >>
> >>><127>f<224><230>V<146>H<194><173><171><144>[<193><220>+><182><146>;M<11>
> >>><22
> >>
> >>9><144><193><151><\
> >>145><216><0><0><22><0><4><0><5><0><10><0><9><0>d<0>b<0><3><0><6><0><19><0
> >>>< 18><0>c<1><0> State =
> >>"#!<4>}<0><0><1>7<0><1><ias><ip><addr><ess><0><0><0><3>x<139><211>n"
> >>Message-Authenticator = <snip>
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:31 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]: Timed out, retransmitting
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:31 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]: Packet dump: *** Sending
> >>to ias.ip.org.fi port 1812 .... Code:       Access-Request Identifier: 7
> >>Authentic: <snip>
> >>Attributes:       User-Name = "host/somelaptop.intra.org.fi"
> >>NAS-IP-Address = wlan.ap.org.fi   Framed-MTU = 1496
> >>Called-Station-Id = "00-a0-c5-c8-04-91"      \
> >>    Calling-Station-Id =
> >>"00-0c-f1-05-da-d8"        NAS-Port-Type = Wireless-IEEE-802-11
> >>EAP-Message =
> >><2><2><0>P<25><128><0><0><0>F<22><3><1><0>A<1><0><0>=<3><1>B<173>e<202><1
> >>47
> >>
> >>><127>f<224><230>V<146>H<194><173><171><144>[<193><220>+><182><146>;M<11>
> >>><22
> >>
> >>9><144><193><151><\
> >>145><216><0><0><22><0><4><0><5><0><10><0><9><0>d<0>b<0><3><0><6><0><19><0
> >>>< 18><0>c<1><0> State =
> >>"#!<4>}<0><0><1>7<0><1><ias><ip><addr><ess><0><0><0><3>x<139><211>n"
> >>Message-Authenticator = <snip>
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:46 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]: Timed out, retransmitting
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:54:46 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]: Packet dump: *** Sending
> >>to ias.ip.org.fi port 1812 .... Code:       Access-Request Identifier: 7
> >>Authentic: <snip>
> >>Attributes:       User-Name = "host/somelaptop.intra.org.fi"
> >>NAS-IP-Address = wlan.ap.org.fi   Framed-MTU = 1496
> >>Called-Station-Id = "00-a0-c5-c8-04-91"      \
> >>    Calling-Station-Id =
> >>"00-0c-f1-05-da-d8"        NAS-Port-Type = Wireless-IEEE-802-11
> >>EAP-Message =
> >><2><2><0>P<25><128><0><0><0>F<22><3><1><0>A<1><0><0>=<3><1>B<173>e<202><1
> >>47
> >>
> >>><127>f<224><230>V<146>H<194><173><171><144>[<193><220>+><182><146>;M<11>
> >>><22
> >>
> >>9><144><193><151><\
> >>145><216><0><0><22><0><4><0><5><0><10><0><9><0>d<0>b<0><3><0><6><0><19><0
> >>>< 18><0>c<1><0> State =
> >>"#!<4>}<0><0><1>7<0><1><ias><ip><addr><ess><0><0><0><3>x<139><211>n"
> >>Message-Authenticator = <snip>
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:55:01 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]: AuthRADIUS: No reply
> >>after 3 retransmissions to ias.ip.org.fi:1812 for
> >>host/somelaptop.intra.org.fi  (121)
> >>
> >>Jun 13 13:55:01 radiator-proxy Radiator[25649]: AuthRADIUS could not
> >>find a working host to forward to. Ignoring
> >>
> >>>On 13 Jun 2005, at 17:57, Chris Hills wrote:
> >>>>Hi
> >>>>
> >>>>My configuration is as follows:-
> >>>>
> >>>><Handler Realm=ad-test.its.ne-worcs.ac.uk>
> >>>>
> >>>>       <AuthBy RADIUS>
> >>>>
> >>>>               Identifier CheckAD1
> >>>>
> >>>>               Host my.ias.server
> >>>>               Secret mysecret
> >>>>
> >>>>               AuthPort 1812
> >>>>               AcctPort 1813
> >>>>
> >>>>       </AuthBy>
> >>>>
> >>>>       AcctLogFileName %L/detail.myserver
> >>>>
> >>>></Handler>
> >>>>
> >>>>When a client attempts to authenticate, it proxies the request, but
> >>>>IAS has the following log message:-
> >>>>
> >>>>Access request for user user at my.ias.server was discarded.
> >>>>Fully-Qualified-User-Name = <undetermined>
> >>>>NAS-IP-Address = 172.18.100.14
> >>>>NAS-Identifier = <not present>
> >>>>Called-Station-Identifier = <not present>
> >>>>Calling-Station-Identifier = 00-06-5B-E4-0E-0B
> >>>>Client-Friendly-Name = RADIATOR
> >>>>Client-IP-Address = ra.di.at.or
> >>>>NAS-Port-Type = Ethernet
> >>>>NAS-Port = 238
> >>>>Proxy-Policy-Name = *@my.realm
> >>>>Authentication-Provider = Windows
> >>>>Authentication-Server = <undetermined>
> >>>>Reason-Code = 3
> >>>>Reason = The Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS)
> >>>>request was not properly formatted.
> >>>>
> >>>>For more information, see Help and Support Center at http://
> >>>>go.microsoft.com/fwlink/events.asp.
> >>>>
> >>>>For reference, Radiator said:-
> >>>>
> >>>>Mon Jun 13 08:28:22 2005: INFO: AuthRADIUS: No reply after 3
> >>>>retransmissions to my.ias.server:1812 for chills at ad-test.its.ne-
> >>>>worcs.ac.uk  (24)
> >>>>Mon Jun 13 08:28:22 2005: INFO: AuthRADIUS could not find a working
> >>>>host to forward to. Ignoring
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>>Is there something wrong with my configuration? I know I had this
> >>>>working before!
> >>>>
> >>>>--
> >>>>Chris Hills
> >>>>IT Services
> >>>>North East Worcestershire College
> >>>>
> >>>>--
> >>>>Archive at http://www.open.com.au/archives/radiator/
> >>>>Announcements on radiator-announce at open.com.au
> >>>>To unsubscribe, email 'majordomo at open.com.au' with
> >>>>'unsubscribe radiator' in the body of the message.
> >>>
> >>>NB:
> >>>
> >>>Have you read the reference manual ("doc/ref.html")?
> >>>Have you searched the mailing list archive (www.open.com.au/archives/
> >>>radiator)?
> >>>Have you had a quick look on Google (www.google.com)?
> >>>Have you included a copy of your configuration file (no secrets),
> >>>together with a trace 4 debug showing what is happening?

-- 
Mike McCauley                               mikem at open.com.au
Open System Consultants Pty. Ltd            Unix, Perl, Motif, C++, WWW
9 Bulbul Place Currumbin Waters QLD 4223 Australia   http://www.open.com.au
Phone +61 7 5598-7474                       Fax   +61 7 5598-7070

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TTLS, PEAP etc on Unix, Windows, MacOS etc.

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